How to Clean Vacuum Filter (A Complete Guide)

Is your vacuum not picking up dirt like it used to? Does your vacuum smell bad? Don't worry, you don't need to rush out and buy a new vacuum. The possible reason can be excessive dirt buildup, which lead to clogged filters and a decrease in the vacuum's suction power.

Therefore, a simple clean-up of the filter can restore its performance. This post explains how to clean a vacuum filter of each type, and how often to do it. Let’s get started.

Types of Vacuum Filters & How to Identify Yours

There are three kinds of vacuum filters that are commonly available: HEPA, foam, and paper vacuum filters. Now, let's understand what they are and learn more about the differences among them.

1.HEPA Vacuum Filter

What It Is: A HEPA vacuum filter, which stands for High-Efficiency Particulate Air, is a highly effective air filtration system that can capture 99.97% of particles as small as 0.3 microns.

The filter is designed to trap small particles and allergens, such as dust mites, pollen, pet dander, and other airborne contaminants.

How It Works: Inside a HEPA filter, densely packed layers of fiberglass fibers create a maze-like structure, allowing air to pass through while effectively trapping particles and allergens. 

Common Usage: It's important to note that the HEPA filter's primary function is to improve indoor air quality by capturing tiny airborne particles during the vacuuming process. While it does not directly impact the overall humidity of the air, its efficient filtration helps create a cleaner and healthier environment by reducing the presence of airborne allergens and dust.

2.Foam Vacuum Filter

What It Is: A foam vacuum filter is made from foam material, designed to capture larger particles like dust, dirt, debris, hair, and paper.

How It Works: As air passes through the filter, it traps these contaminants, preventing them from being released back into the air.

Common Usage: Foam filters are commonly used as pre-filters, positioned in front of the main filter (often a HEPA filter) to protect it from larger particles, extending the primary filter's life and optimizing the vacuum cleaner's performance. Therefore they may not be as efficient as HEPA filters when it comes to capturing smaller particles and allergens.

3.Paper Vacuum Filter

What It Is: A paper vacuum filter typically refers to a filter with a cartridge made of pleated paper. This type of filter is designed to capture small particles, dust, germs, and powders in the air during the vacuuming process.

How It Works: The pleated design allows for a larger surface area, enhancing the filter's efficiency in trapping contaminants and keeping the air cleaner.

Common Usage: Paper vacuum filters are commonly used in various vacuum cleaner models and are often relatively inexpensive and disposable. Users need to replace them periodically to maintain the vacuum cleaner's performance and ensure effective filtration. Additionally, some paper filters are made from a non-woven synthetic material, similar to a dryer sheet, making them washable and reusable, which can be a cost-effective and eco-friendly option for users.

How to Identify the Type of Yours

1. Check the User Manual

Check the maintenance part of your vacuum’s user manual or visit the manufacturer’s website. Look for terms like HEPA, washable, foam, or pleated.

2. Inspect the Filter

HEPA filters are typically rigid and often labeled “HEPA”. Foam filters are like sponges. They are soft and often near the motor of dustbin. Paper filters are stiff.

How to Clean a HEPA Vacuum Filter

There are washable and non-washable HEPA vacuum filters. Before cleaning, please refer to your owner's manual to determine whether it is washable or not. Cleaning a non-washable filter with water may reduce its effectiveness or damage it.

Then follow the step-by-step guide to clean a vacuum filter.

Steps to clean a washable HEPA vacuum filter

Step 1. Unplug the vacuum cleaner.

Step 2. Locate the HEPA filter.

Step 3. Disassemble the HEPA filter. Follow the user manual, if necessary.

Step 4: Gently tap loose dirt and debris off the filter. Do not scrub, wring, or twist the filter.

Step 5. Rinse it under a gentle stream of cold water to remove any remaining dirt and debris.

Step 6. If your filter has heavy grime, submerge it in lukewarm water that is mixed with a few drops of mild detergent. Soak it for 5 minutes before rinse it thoroughly.

Step 7. Leave the HEPA filter to air dry completely. Do not use heat.

Step 8. Reinstall the filter, and clean the vacuum body and other components. 

Steps to clean a non-washable HEPA vacuum filter

Step 1. Turn off and unplug the vacuum cleaner.

Step 2. Remove the HEPA filter following the owner's manual.

Step 3. Use a dry, soft brush to gently remove debris and dust clogs from the filter's surface.

Step 4. Optionally. Use low-pressure compressed air to dislodge finer particles.

Step 5. Check for any damage on the filter; replace it if it appears torn or still smells bad after cleaning.

Step 6. Reinstall the cleaned or replaced HEPA filter following the manual's instructions.

Step 7. Turn on the vacuum cleaner and ensure proper functioning.

Remember that non-washable HEPA filters have a limited lifespan (normally 6-12 months), and regular replacement is necessary to maintain the vacuum cleaner's efficiency.

How to Clean a Foam Vacuum Filter

Foam vacuum filters are usually washable and reusable. But confirm it in your user manual is always right. If you perceive that the foam filters are clogged with dust, hair, or particles, follow the tutorial below to clean a vacuum filter.

Step 1. Unplug the vacuum cleaner for safety.

Step 2. Remove the foam filter from the canister or designated compartment.

Step 3. Prepare a sink or bowl with warm water and add a small amount of mild dish soap.

Step 4. Place the foam filter into the water and gently agitate it to ensure the soap covers the entire filter.

Step 5. Allow the foam filter to soak for a few minutes to loosen dirt and debris.

Step 6. After soaking, rinse the foam filter thoroughly under running warm water, squeezing it gently (do not twist or wring it out) to remove any trapped particles.

Step 7. Air-dry the foam filter completely (at least 24 hours) before reinstalling it back into the vacuum cleaner. Do not use hair-dryer or sunlight, as heat may damage the filter.

How to Clean a Paper Vacuum Filter

Paper vacuum filters are typically disposable and not meant to be cleaned or reused. Once they become filled with dust, dirt, hair, debris, and particles, it's better to replace them with new filters instead of attempting to clean them several times. However, if you want to try cleaning the filter before replacing it, follow these steps:

Step 1. Turn off and unplug the vacuum cleaner for safety.

Step 2. Locate the cartridge that contains the paper vacuum filter. This cartridge is usually located near the dust collection area.

Step 3. Remove the cartridge from the vacuum cleaner to access the paper filter.

Step 4. Take off the paper vacuum filter from the filter compartment in the vacuum cleaner and gently tap it to dislodge any loose dust.

Step 5. This step is optional. You can use compressed air to blow out fine dust from the filter.

Step 6. After most of the loose dust has been removed, reinsert the paper filter back into the filter compartment of the vacuum cleaner. 

It's important to note that cleaning paper vacuum filters may not be as effective as using a new one, and it may impact the vacuum's performance. For optimal cleaning and suction, it's recommended to replace the paper filter with a new one as needed.

How Frequently Should You Clean Your Vacuum Filter?

Regularly cleaning your vacuum filter is essential to maintain optimal vacuum performance and indoor air quality. The recommended cleaning frequency depends on the type of filter and how often you use the vacuum in different room sizes.

For light use cases, it's recommended to clean HEPA filters every 1 to 3 months, and foam and paper filters every 1 to 2 months. For heavy use cases (like daily vacuuming or high-dust areas), we recommend to clean all filters every month. 

The exact cleaning frequency will depend on how often you use the vacuum and the size of the room. While regular cleaning can extend the filter's lifespan, eventually, filters may need replacement.

How often do you replace your vacuums filter?

HEPA and foam filters are more durable and can be cleaned many times. However, if you notice the following signs even after careful cleaning:

• A decrease in the vacuum's suction power
• Significant damage to the filter after multiple cleanings
• Bad odor
• Unusual overheating vacuum
• Visible dirt buildup
• Clogging in your filter

it's time to replace it with a new filter.

Usually, when you buy a satisfying product, the seller will provide you with an extra filter. You can find the replacement filter in the product box. Even if the product you bought didn't come with a replacement, you can easily buy a new one from the store where you bought the vacuum cleaner.

As for paper filters, they are less durable and it's best to replace them with a new one after cleaning them once or twice.

FAQ

Can a vacuum cleaner filter be washed?

It depends on the type of filter. There are washable filters and non-washable filters. Before washing the filter, always check the user manual to determine whether it is washable. Some washable HEPA and foam filters can be rinsed with cold or warm water. Some non-washable HEPA filters and pleated paper filters should only be cleaned by gently brushing off debris, not with water.

Can you clean and reuse a vacuum filter?

Yes. Regular cleaning of a vacuum filter can restore its performance. However, it is important to confirm whether your filter is washable or not. Some washable foam filters and HEPA filters can be cleaned with water and reused multiple times. Some non-washable filters like paper filters should gently remove dust and avoid water.All in all, all filters have limited lifespans. If you find your filter struggling even after careful cleaning and maintenance, it is time to consider replacement.

Conclusion

Now that you've learned how to clean a vacuum filter effectively, it's time to take charge of your cleaning routine. Check which type of filter your vacuum uses, and follow the detailed tutorials above to achieve a thorough cleaning. Remember, a clean filter is key to efficient room cleaning and improved indoor air quality.

If you find yourself cleaning the filter frequently or notice reduced suction power, it's advisable to consider a replacement for optimal performance. Stay proactive and keep track of your filter's maintenance to ensure your vacuum operates at its best.